Hassan Abdalla, Governor of the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE), headed Egypt's delegation at the third G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting (FMCBG), hosted by South Africa on 17–18 July. The Egyptian delegation included Yasser Sobhi, Deputy Minister of Finance for Fiscal Policies; Menna Allah Farid, CBE Assistant Governor for External Relations; and Alaa Abdel Rahman, Advisor to the Minister of Finance for International Institutions. Abdalla participated in discussions covering macroeconomic developments, the global financial architecture, sustainable finance, Africa's development priorities, and issues relating to the financial sector and financial inclusion. During the sessions, Abdalla highlighted ongoing pressures on the global economy resulting from heightened geopolitical tensions and trade conflicts, stressing the urgent need for coordinated and balanced monetary and fiscal policies to preserve macroeconomic stability. He underscored the importance of anchoring inflation expectations and enhancing liquidity management as key foundations for building economic resilience. In this context, the Governor called for reforming and modernising multilateral financial institutions to improve their efficiency and responsiveness. He urged them to embrace innovative financial tools designed to attract private sector investment, including the reallocation of Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) to support development finance in lower-income and vulnerable countries. Abdalla also stressed the need for comprehensive reform of the global financial architecture, particularly to strengthen the voice and representation of African countries. He advocated for establishing a clear and transparent monitoring and follow-up framework to ensure that proposed reforms lead to tangible, sustainable outcomes. Addressing systemic risks, Abdalla drew attention to the rapid expansion of non-bank financial institutions and the gaps in existing regulatory frameworks. He warned that without effective oversight, these trends could undermine global financial stability, and he called for greater international coordination among regulators to mitigate potential risks. On debt sustainability, Abdalla emphasised the importance of stronger dialogue and cooperation among creditor and debtor nations, credit rating agencies, and international financial institutions to develop integrated and holistic debt management strategies. He advocated for extending the scope of the G20's "Common Framework" for debt treatment to include middle-income countries that face comparable vulnerabilities. He also urged the adoption of innovative financing mechanisms to reduce debt burdens and support sustainable development. Further, Abdalla called for expanding access to concessional and blended finance for developing countries, stressing the need for nationally led frameworks that align external funding with domestic development priorities. He also highlighted the importance of harmonising environmental classifications across jurisdictions and developing risk-sharing tools to attract more sustainable and green investments. The Governor noted that many developing economies still face significant challenges, including persistent inflationary pressures, a shortage of green finance instruments, and limited flows of sustainable investment projects. He argued that addressing these challenges is essential for delivering on global climate and development commitments. In discussing Africa's development, Abdalla underlined the need to deepen local financial markets and broaden the adoption of advanced technologies—including artificial intelligence—to improve productivity and enhance the quality of financial services. He emphasised that public–private partnerships are critical to delivering strategic infrastructure projects, particularly those with cross-border dimensions that can advance regional integration and trade. Hassan Abdalla, Governor of the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) Abdalla reiterated Egypt's support for the proposed programme to strengthen cooperation between the G20 and Africa in infrastructure, climate action, and technological innovation over the 2026–2030 period. He stressed that sustained collaboration between African economies and G20 members is vital to achieving shared development goals. Concluding his remarks, Abdalla reaffirmed that financial inclusion remains a cornerstone for fostering equitable and inclusive economic growth. He called for measures to expand non-financial services for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), simplify know-your-customer (KYC) procedures to ease access to financial services, and create reliable, comprehensive databases. Additionally, he emphasised the importance of developing alternative credit assessment models to serve underserved populations while addressing potential bias and exclusion risks associated with artificial intelligence and digital tools. In parallel, Yasser Sobhi, Deputy Minister of Finance, took part in multiple sessions, including discussions on strengthening cooperation between the G20 and the "Compact with Africa" initiative. This initiative aims to accelerate structural reforms, boost private sector participation, and attract higher flows of foreign direct investment to African and emerging economies. Sobhi also participated in sessions focusing on infrastructure investment and international taxation. Discussions highlighted the crucial role of the private sector in financing and executing infrastructure projects. Participants stressed the need to create a fair and balanced international tax system that reflects the interests of both developed and emerging economies, ultimately promoting tax justice and supporting sustainable revenue generation for developing countries. Menna Allah Farid, Assistant Governor for External Relations at the CBE, attended a session where the G20 African Experts Group presented its recommendations. She welcomed the experts' work to bring forward African perspectives on global economic issues and endorsed proposals to broaden the "Common Framework" for debt treatment, mobilise additional development finance, optimise the use of Africa's natural and financial resources, and reassess credit rating methodologies that often disadvantage African countries. Farid called on the G20 to integrate these recommendations into its financial track agenda to ensure concrete benefits for the African continent. Looking ahead, the fifth G20 Deputy Finance Ministers and Deputy Central Bank Governors Meeting is scheduled for October 2025, alongside the fourth G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting. Both events will take place in Washington, D.C., on the sidelines of the IMF and World Bank annual meetings, where discussions will continue on global financial reform, sustainable finance, and inclusive growth strategies.
