Scrutinising the works of Orientalists and writers known for their animosity towards Islam, late American-Palestinian writer and philosopher Edward Said says in one of the chapters in his book Covering Islam: "They constantly allude of 'fundamentalism', a word that has come to be associated almost automatically with Islam, although it has a flourishing, usually elided, relationship with Christianity, judaism, and Hinduism. They deliberately created associations between Islam and fundamentalism ensure that the average reader comes to see Islam and fundamentalism as essentially the same thing."