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Syria, sectarianism and an iconic image
Published in Al-Ahram Weekly on 31 - 08 - 2016

Every now and then something happens that restores your faith in humanity — just a wee bit. Like the infectious, spontaneous breaking down of CNN anchor Kate Bolduan while reporting the heart-rending story of Omran Daqneesh, the five-year-old Syrian boy who survived a military airstrike on Aleppo.
“This is Omran. He's alive. We wanted you to know,” she said, before losing her composure. Bolduan was sharing details about the five-year-old and the state he was in following the airstrike. The footage showed little Omran being pulled out of rubble and put into an ambulance, all dazed and catatonic by trauma.
The little one's iconic image, covered in dust and blood, with him wiping his face and looking at his blood-smeared hand, is being seen as emblematic of the Syrian tragedy. Just as Aylan Kurdi, the Syrian boy who had turned up dead on a Turkish beach last year, had been.
Visuals of Omran too have left the world shocked and grieving, reflected in the pain of the CNN anchor: “What strikes me is we shed tears, but there are no tears here. He doesn't cry once. That little boy is in total shock. He's stunned. Inside his home one moment and the next, lost in the flurry and fury of war and chaos,” she said, fighting back tears.
Journalists are human too, although in their daily struggle to meet deadlines and pursue the interests of their employers and corporate masters they try hard not to be swayed by human emotions. Every now and then they betray their basic, innate humanity, as Bolduan has.
If only politicians and governments had been touched by some of this humanity and hadn't repeatedly sacrificed it on the altar of national interests and political survival, Syria would have stopped bleeding long ago.
When the history of these interesting times is written, the people of Syria will perhaps take their place right at the top. They have suffered so much for so long on the watch of the blessed international community and its fine institutions.
Unlike the other so-called Arab Spring revolutions, if Syria has taken the longest to defeat its demons, it is largely because of the curse of sectarianism.
If Iran's Ayatollahs and Lebanon's Hizbullah, once admired across the Arab world for taking on Israel, had not stepped in to rescue the corrupt, ruthless Baathist regime it would have crumbled within months, if not weeks, of the uprising, avoiding hundreds of thousands of precious lives.
And why are they protecting a mass murderer, if it were not for his so-called Allawite Shia identity?
Ignoring its repeated and spectacular crimes against humanity, Iran has not only propped up the tottering regime in Damascus; it must share equal responsibility for the loss of nearly 300,000 Syrian lives, not to mention the total destruction of one of the oldest civilisations on earth.
The “revolutionaries” who once passionately championed Islam and Muslim causes and chastised Arabs for “ganging up with the West against Muslim neighbours” think nothing of allowing Russian jets to use an Iranian military base to launch attacks on already battered Syrian cities like Aleppo and its totally defenceless civilians.
The iconic image of Omran Daqneesh, which shocked the world last week, was spawned with the help of relentless Russian and Syrian bombing on Aleppo and other cities. There are thousands and thousands of Omrans who are not fortunate enough to be rescued and flashed on global television screens.
In the words of Hamid Dabashi, today's Syria is like a shooting gallery, presided over by a murderous Bashar Al-Assad, sustained in power by Russia and Iran, opposed by even more murderous outfits armed to teeth by the US and its allies. In this cacophony of wanton cruelty, what is an “icon”? What can an “icon” mean, or do, or be? The same media that brings us this “icon” today has the attention span of a schizophrenic baboon, and by tomorrow this “icon” will be forgotten for another.
I have been a trenchant critic of reckless and mindless US “interventions” in the Middle East and all that has been going on in the name of democracy and freedom. Of course, the US and its “willing allies” are fundamentally responsible for this whole mess and the loss of nearly two million lives in the past decade and more.
Ironically, President Barack Obama, who tenaciously and rightly opposed his predecessor's disastrous war on Iraq on the pretext of Saddam Hussein's mythical weapons of mass destruction, has been guilty of wreaking similar havoc and chaos in Syria with his singular inaction.
As Robert Ford— the last US ambassador to Syria who quitted two years ago in frustration, saying he could no longer defend the US policy of indifference — argued last week, this president has had a “myopic” focus on the self-styled Islamic State, while ignoring the larger problem that gave birth to it.
“The Islamic State is a problem, but the IS came out of the broader problem of the Syrian civil war. And it really is not going to be solved outside the context, outside a larger solution to the Syrian civil war,” Ford told CNN, pointing out that America is “trying to fix with a military hammer a deeper political problem”.
So in my view, for what it is worth, Syria may be the biggest and spectacular leadership failure of the Nobel laureate president.
Donald Trump may be a fruitcake but he is not far off the mark when he suggests Obama and Hillary Clinton, his secretary of state in his first term, “co-founded” Islamic State. Okay, they may not have literally created it but they have certainly midwifed it, wittingly or unwittingly with their deathly indifference.
But there are many others — Shia and Sunni militias, politicians and assorted extremists — who must share blame with the West and regional stakeholders for perpetuating the misery of Syria and its luckless people by unleashing this genie of sectarianism on the region.
They are equally guilty of sending thousands of innocents to death. They have ended up justifying appalling crimes against humanity by joining and aiding the free-for-all bloodletting along sectarian lines.
What began as resistance against the US occupation in neighbouring Iraq, after the fall of Saddam Hussein, degenerated into sectarian genocide of fearsome proportions.
The deadly conflict between Islam's two sects has not just spilled over the borders of Iraq and Syria into neighbouring countries but now threatens the entire Islamic world.
If this conflict is globalised, the possible scenario for the Muslim world, already afflicted with a myriad problems, is too frightening to even imagine. The whole of Islamic world could end up looking like a big, burning Babylon.
How long would Shias and Sunnis allow themselves to be used and exploited as pawns in the hands of their enemies? What would it take to see that before they are condemned by their sectarian identities, they are Muslims and human beings first?
How could we go on slaughtering each other with impunity over a pointless, endless academic debate and that too in the name of a faith that claims to stand for peace, mercy and forgiveness? If we all love and revere the Prophet, his noble family and companions, what is this never-ending, all-consuming battle about?
The Messenger of Islam did not sanction any sects. He only preached one true faith — pure and simple. We all believe that Islam came as a blessing to the whole of mankind. It does not condone bloodshed, whatever the beliefs.
If we cannot have mercy on our own, how can we promise glad tidings to the rest of humanity?
The writer is a Gulf-based commentator.


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