January 13: The Court of Cassation orders that former president Hosni Mubarak be retried. The court ruling came in response to an appeal filed by the former president, in which he contested a previous ruling passed in June 2012 sentencing him for a life time jail term for failing to stop the killing of peaceful protesters during the events of the 25 January Revolution. 25: Thousands hold protests against president Mohamed Morsi on the second anniversary of the 25 January Revolution. Several demonstrations descend into violent clashes. 26: At least 30 people die in Port Said and more than 600 are injured in clashes after 21 local people receive the death sentence for their alleged role in a bloody riot in the coastal city's football stadium in 2012. 27:Morsi declares a curfew in Canal cities and vows to take harsh measures against those behind the violence. The curfew is widely ignored. February 26: Eighteen tourists are killed when a hot air balloon bursts into flames in Luxor. Balloon flights are suspended. March 30: First flight from Cairo to Tehran since 1979. The prosecutor-general issues an arrest warrant for TV presenter Bassem Youssef on charges of insulting the president. 31: The prosecutor-general orders the release of Bassem Youssef on LE15,000 bail. Protesting security personnel vandalise Borg Al-Arab airport causing LE1.5 million damage. April 1: The Lawyers Syndicate bans policemen from registering as members. The general prosecution starts investigating a food poisoning incident after many students at Al-Azhar University were hospitalised. Angry students — thought to be members of the Muslim Brotherhood — demand the dismissal of the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar Ahmed Al-Tayeb. Al-Tayeb calls an urgent meeting to discuss the incident and students shut down the university and block access to roads. 7: The Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Abbasiya is attacked by a mob as the funeral service for four Copts killed in sectarian violence the day before is being held. 14: Taxi drivers block the 6 October flyover in Cairo and march to Cairo traffic department to press for their financial demands. 17: Cairo Appeals Court sets 11 May as the date for the re-trial of Mubarak, his interior minister Habib Al-Adli and Al-Adli's senior aides. The general prosecution issues an arrest warrant against 22 public figures on charges of funding the Black Bloc group. 18: Fanatic preacher Abdallah Badr is given a 12-month jail sentence and fined LE20,000 for libelling actress Elham Shahine. 19:Hundreds of Muslim Brotherhood members demonstrate and demand a purge of the judiciary. Morsi's legal adviser Fouad Gadallah submits his resignation. 24:The Shura Council discusses amendments to the judiciary law, igniting resentment among judges. 25: Prosecutor-general Talaat Abdallah contests an earlier court ruling annulling his appointment. 29: Jihadi leader Mustafa Hamza is cleared of charges of planning to assassinate Mubarak and topple his regime. May 5:Political activist Ahmed Doma appears before the Criminal Court on charges of insulting the president. 7:A cabinet reshuffle is announced. Opposition forces object to the changes. 10:Black Bloc members throw Molotov cocktails close to the Interior Ministry. 11:Arrest of a terrorist cell, said to be affiliated to Al-Qaeda and planning suicide bombings. 12:The 6 April Movement begins a sit-in in front of Al-Ittihadiya presidential palace to press for the release of protesters. 16:Six policemen and a conscript are kidnapped in Sinai. 19:Adli Mansour is appointed chief justice of the Supreme Constitutional Court. 20:Central Security forces at six police stations in Sinai stage a striketo show solidarity with the kidnapped soldiers. 22: The kidnapped soldiers are released. 30:Intellectuals protest at the Cairo Opera House and call for the dismissal of the culture minister. June 16: President Morsi ratifies the appointment of 17 new governors, a majority of whom are MB members. 23:An Ismailia Court claims members of Hamas and Hizbullah helped prisoners from Wadi Al-Natroun prison flee. Luxor governor, Al-Gamaa Al-Islamiya member, resigns after news of his appointment provokes widespread outrage. 24:President Morsi gives a public address ahead of protests called for 30 June. 25: Fuel shortages result in long queues in front of petrol stations that in turn cause traffic gridlock. 27:President Morsi concedes that an independent committee might be formed to amend the controversial 2012 constitution. 29:President Morsi meets with the two ministers of defence and interior to discuss preparations for the 30 June protests. Non-Islamist Shura Council members resign. 30:Millionsof protesters take to the streets to demand early presidential elections. July 1:Mass protests continue. The army gives Morsi and the opposition 48 hours to settle their disputes, warning that if they fail it will impose its own solution. 2:Morsi delivers a late-night speech in which he vows to defend his legitimacy. 3:The army announces that Morsi will be replaced by the chief justice of the Supreme Constitutional Court until presidential polls can be held. Thousands of Morsi supporters remain camped out in Rabaa Al-Adaweya and Nahda Square. 4:Supreme Constitutional Court Chief Justice Adli Mansour is sworn in as Egypt's interim president. 5:Mansour dissolves the Shura Council. Clashes between pro- and anti-Morsi supporters in Cairo, Alexandria and elsewhere leave 36 dead. Muslim Brotherhood strongman Khairat Al-Shater is arrested. 8:More than 50 Morsi supporters are killed while protesting in front of the Republican Guard Club in Cairo. Interim President Mansour announces a timetable for amending the constitution and electing a new parliament and president. 9:Mansour appoints economist Hazem Al-Beblawi as prime minister and opposition leader Mohamed Al-Baradei as vice president. 26: Millions take to the streets after military chief Abdel-Fattah Al-Sisi asks for a mandate to fight terrorism by Morsi supporters. Prosecutors announce Morsi is under investigation on charges that include murder and conspiring with the Palestinian militant group Hamas. 30:EU diplomat Catherine Ashton meets with Morsi who is being held at an undisclosed location. August 7: The presidency declares that negotiations seeking to peacefully resolve the standoff between the state's interim leadership and the Muslim Brotherhood have failed. 11: Security forces announce that they will disperse the two pro-Morsi sit-ins at Rabaa Al-Adaweya and Nahda Square “within 24 hours”. Al-Azhar invites all parties to join a dialogue. 12: Officials postpone dispersal plans after thousands of Morsi supporters reinforce the sit-ins. 13:Twenty-one new governors, the majority from the military, are sworn in. 14: Riot police, backed by armoured vehicles and bulldozers, forcibly clear the sit-ins. At least 638 people are killed and around 4000 injured. The action is condemned internationally. Churches and police stations come under attack by Islamists. The interim government declares a month-long state of emergency and curfew, and the rail network is closed down. 15:Mohamed Al-Baradei resigns as vice president in protest at the violent dispersals. More than 20 people die as pro-Morsi protesters clash with security forces in Cairo, Damietta and Ismailia. 16: Tens of thousands of Muslim Brotherhood supporters clash with armed vigilantes in nationwide street battles. Some 173 people are reported killed. The Brotherhood announces a week of daily rallies across Egypt to protest “against the coup”. Police are authorised to use live ammunition. 17:Security forces surround Al-Fath Mosque in Ramses Square where pro-Morsi protesters are sheltering. The mosque is cleared after a long standoff. 18:At least 36 Muslim Brothers die as they try to escape from a prison truck, according to security sources narration. 19:Two buses transporting security forces soldiers are hit by rocket-propelled grenades near Rafah city. A three-day national mourning period is declared to mark the 25 deaths. 20:Muslim Brotherhood Supreme Guide Mohamed Badie is arrested in Cairo. The group reportedly appoints Mahmoud Ezzat as Badie's successor. 21:A court orders the release on bail of former president Hosni Mubarak in a corruption case. Mubarak is placed under house arrest at a military hospital in Maadi. Brotherhood leader Safwat Hegazi is arrested in Siwa while attempting to flee to Libya. 24:Walid Sharabi, coordinator of the Judges for Egypt is stopped at Cairo airport as he tries to leave for Turkey. 29:Brotherhoodleader Mohamed Al-Beltagui is arrested on charges of inciting violence during the clashes in front of Al-Ittihadiya palace. 31:Hamas detains the head of the Egyptian community in Gaza after he announces his support of the army. September 1:The prosecutor-general refers ousted president Morsi to trial on charges of inciting the murder of protesters. Interim President Mansour issues a decree forming a 50-member committee to revise the constitution. 3: The Administrative Court orders a halt to broadcasts by the Al-Jazeera satellite channel. 5:Interior Minister Mohamed Ibrahim survives a suicide car bomb near his house in Nasr City. More than 20 people are injured. Ansar Beit Al-Maqdis later claims responsibility for the attack. 11: Mansour announces the formation of a judicial committee that will supervise the referendum on the new constitution. Terrorists attack the Rafah Military Intelligence headquarters leaving six dead and 17 injured. 12:The state of emergency is extended for two months. 14:Morsi supporters organise symbolic marches to mark the one-month anniversary of the security crackdown on their sit-in camps. 15:A soldier is killed and two are injured after gunmen open fire on them on the Cairo-Ismailia road. 17:Brotherhood spokesmanGehad Al-Haddad is arrested in an apartment in Nasr City. 19:Security forces besiege Islamist stronghold Kerdasa. Giza's deputy security chief Nabil Farrag is killed during the campaign. 23:All activities by the Muslim Brotherhood and affiliated bodies are banned by court order. Brotherhood leader Salah Sultan is arrested on charges of inciting violence and membership of a banned group. 25:Security forces shut down the headquarters of the mouthpiece of the Freedom and Justice Party. 26:The army targets “extremist strongholds” in Sharqiya and Ismailia governorates. 29:The army intensifies military operations against terrorist elements in Sinai. 30:Two policemen are killed in an attack on Arish police station. October 1: Violent clashes at Cairo University between Brotherhood students and others leave dozens injured. Twelve countries lift their travel bans to Egypt. 2:A ministerial committee is formed to supervise assets sequestered from the Brotherhood. 6:At least 50 people are killed and dozens injured in clashes between Brotherhood supporters and security forces. 7:At least two killed and 28 injured in a terrorist attack targeting Southern Sinai security directorate. 9:The minister of social solidarity officially declares the dissolution of the Brotherhood in accordance with court rulings. 19:A building affiliated to Military Intelligence in Ismailia is torched. The retrial of former president Mubarak starts. The presiding judge rules that for “national security reasons” it cannot be broadcast. 20:Three people, including an eight-year-old girl, die when gunmen on motorcycles open fire on wedding guests outside Al-Warraq Church in Giza. 23: Salah Abdel-Maksoud, Morsi's minister of information, is referred to the Criminal Court on charges of misusing the public fund. 30:The ministries of higher education and interior sign a coordination protocol to combat violence on university campuses. Brotherhood leader Essam Al-Arian is arrested. 31:Security forces seize a cache of heavy weapons in Sharqiya governorate. They are found on premises owned by a Muslim Brother. November 1: CBC private satellite channel pulls Bassem Youssef popular satirical show Al-Bernameg. Rumours spread that the military is behind the ban. 4:Cairo Criminal Court delays the trial of Morsi and 14 other Brotherhood leaders until 8 January. 14: The three-month-long state of emergency and curfews are lifted. 17: Lieutenant Colonel Mohamed Mabrouk, a senior officer in the National Security Apparatus (NSA), is assassinated near his home in Nasr City. Mabrouk was responsible for cases filed against Morsi, investigating several militant cells and had helped arrest Badie. 18:A cargo train hits a truck and a minibus killing 27 people and injuring 34. 19:Revolutionary forces commemorate the second anniversary of the Mohamed Mahmoud massacre of protesters. Twelve demonstrators are reported injured during clashes with the police. Prime Minister Hazem Al-Beblawi inaugurates a memorial in Tahrir Square to the martyrs of 25 January and 30 June revolutions. Angry protesters demolish the cenotaph and accuse the government of failing to protect the murdered protesters. Chairman of the General Federation of Workers' Unions withdraws from the 50-member constitution committee to protest against the decision to end the 50 per cent quota of parliamentary seats allocated to workers' and farmers' representatives. 21: Two suspects in the murder ofa senior police officer are arrested. An assassination list including names of targeted figures and maps of churches is found in their possession. Ten soldiers are killed after a car bomb hits their truck on the Arish-Rafah road. A student at Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine is shot dead during clashes with security forces. 22: The Muslim Brotherhood calls for nationwide protests to mark 100 days since the forcible dispersal of pro-Morsi sit-ins. The response is muted. 23:The Foreign Ministry dismisses the Turkish ambassador to Egypt in response to Turkish interference in Egyptian internal affairs since Morsi's ouster. 24:Mansour issues a law regulating demonstrations amid wide opposition. 26:Dozens of activists protesting in front of the Shura Council are arrested under the new protest law. 28:A first degree court in Alexandria sentences 14 young female members of the Brotherhood to11-year jail terms. 30:The 50-member committee assigned with drafting the constitution votes on a final draft. December 3: Reda Hafez, state minister of military production, died of natural causes at the age of 61. 7: An Alexandria Appeals Court lifted a previous ruling passed against young female members of the MB. Students at Cairo University's Faculty of Engineering staged a sit-in to protest against the killing of a classmate, Mohamed Reda, who they say was killed by police during protests. 8: Political activists Ahmed Doma, Ahmed Maher and Mohamed Adel stand trial in the Criminal Court on charges of inciting violence. 9: MB Supreme Guide Mohamed Badie and two MB leaders Mohamed Al-Beltagui and Safwat Hegazi stand trial on charges of inciting violence during July clashes in Giza. The trial was postponed to 11 February. Political activist Alaa Abdel-Fattah was referred to trial on charges of inciting violence and calling for unlicensed protests. 10: Bloody clashes between Al-Azhar University students and security forces continue. The university denied claims that any student was killed. 11: Week-long unprecedented cold weather, accompanied by the rare occurrence of snow, hits Egypt and several other Middle East countries. 14: Interim President Adli Mansour sets 14 and 15 January as the dates for holding the public referendum on the constitution.
