Since 2009, Voices for Creative Non-Violence has maintained a grim record we call the “Afghan Atrocities Update” which gives the dates, locations, numbers and names of Afghan civilians killed by NATO forces. Even with details culled from news reports, these data can't help but merge into one large statistic, something about terrible pain that's worth caring about but that is happening very far away. It's one thing to chronicle sparse details about these US-led NATO attacks. It's quite another to sit across from Afghan men as they try, having broken down in tears, to regain sufficient composure to finish telling us their stories. Last night, at a restaurant in Kabul, I and two friends from the Afghan Peace Volunteers met with five Pashtun men from Afghanistan's northern and eastern provinces. The men had agreed to tell us about their experiences living in areas affected by regular drone attacks, aerial bombings and night raids. Each of them noted that they also fear Taliban threats and attacks. “What can we do,” they asked, “when both sides are targeting us?”
THE FIRST RESPONDER'S TALE: Jamaleddin, an emergency medical responder from Jalalabad, is a large man, with a serious yet kindly demeanor. He began our conversation by saying that he simply doesn't understand how one human being can inflict so much harm on another. Last winter, NATO forces fired on his cousin, Rafiqullah, age 30, who was studying to be a pediatrics specialist. “A suicide bomber had apparently blown himself up near the airport. My cousin and two other men were riding in a car on a road leading to the airport. It was 6:15am. When they realised that NATO helicopters and tanks were firing missiles, they left their car and huddled on the roadside, but they were easily seen. A missile exploded near them, seriously wounding Rafiqullah and another passenger, while killing their driver, Hayatullah.” Hayatullah, our friend told us, was an older man, about 45 years old, who left behind a wife, two boys and one daughter. Although badly wounded, Rafiqullah and his fellow passenger could still speak. A US tank arrived, and they began pleading with the NATO soldiers to take them to hospital. “I am a doctor,” said Rafiqullah's fellow passenger, a medical student named Siraj Ahmed. “Please save me!” But the soldiers handcuffed the two wounded young men and awaited a decision about what to do next. Rafiqullah died there, by the side of the road. Still handcuffed, Siraj Ahmed was taken, not to a hospital, but to the airport, perhaps to await evacuation. That was where he died. He was aged 35 and had four daughters. Rafiqullah, aged 30, left three small girls behind. Jamaleddin knows that those girls, in one sense, are lucky. Four years ago, he tried to bring first aid as an early responder to a wedding party attacked by NATO forces. Only he couldn't, because there were no survivors. Fifty-four people were killed, all of them (except for the bridegroom) women and children. “It was like hell,” said Jamaleddin. “I saw little shoes, covered with blood, along with pieces of clothing and musical instruments. It was very, very terrible to me. The NATO soldiers knew these people were not a threat.”
THE MANUAL LABOURER'S TALE: Kocji, who makes a living doing manual labour, is from a village of 400 families. His story took place three weeks ago. It started with a telephoned warning that Taliban forces had entered the Surkh Rod district of Jalalabad, which is where his village is located. That day, at about 10pm, NATO forces entered his village en masse. Some soldiers landed on rooftops and slid expertly to the ground on rope ladders. When they entered homes, they would lock women and children in one room while they beat the men, shouting questions as the women and children screamed to be released. On this raid, no one was killed, and no one was taken away. It turned out that the NATO troops had acted on a false report and had discovered their error quickly. False reports are a constant risk. In any village, some families will feud with each other, and NATO troops can be brought into those feuds, unwittingly and very easily, and sometimes with deadly consequences. Kocji objects to NATO forces ordering attacks without first asking more questions and trying to find out whether or not the report is valid. He'd been warned of a threat from one direction, but the threats actually come from all sides.
THE STUDENT'S TALE: Rizwan, a student from the Pech district of the Kunar province, spoke next. Twenty-five days ago, between 3-4am, 12 children were collecting firewood in the mountains not far from his village. The children were between seven and eight years old. Rizwad actually saw the fighter plane flying overhead towards the mountains. When it reached them, it fired on the twelve children, leaving no survivors. Rizwad's eight-year-old cousin Nasrallah, a schoolboy in the third grade, was among the dead that morning. The 12 children belonged to eight families from the same village. When the villagers found the bloodied and dismembered bodies of their children, they gathered together to demand from the provincial government some reason as to why NATO forces had killed them. “It was a mistake,” they were told. “It is impossible for the people to talk with the US military,” says Rizwad. “Our own government tries to calm us down by saying they will look into the matter.”
THE FARMER'S TALE: Riazullah from Chapria Marnu spoke next. Fifteen days previously, three farmers in Riazullah's area had been working to irrigate their wheat fields. It was early afternoon, about 3:30pm. One of the men was only 18 — he had been married for five months. The other two farmers were in their mid-forties. Their names were Shams Ulrahman, Khadim and Miragah, and Miragah's two little daughters were with them. Eleven NATO tanks then arrived. One tank fired missiles which killed the three men and the two little girls. “What can we do?” asked Riazullah. “We are caught between the Taliban and the internationals. Our government does not help us.” THE WORLD DOESN'T SEEM TO ASK many questions about Afghan civilians whose lives are cut short by NATO or Taliban forces. Genuinely concerned US friends say they can't really make sense of our list — news stories merge into one large abstraction, into statistics, into “collateral damage,” in a way that comparable (if much smaller and less frequent) attacks on US civilians do not. People in Afghanistan naturally don't see themselves as statistics; they wonder why the NATO soldiers treat civilians as battlefield foes at the slightest hint of opposition or danger; why US soldiers and drones kill unarmed suspects on anonymous tips when people around the world know suspects deserve safety and a trial, being seen as innocent until proven guilty. “All of us keep asking why the internationals kill us,” said Jamaleddin. “One reason seems to be that they don't differentiate between people. The soldiers fear any bearded Afghan who wears a turban and traditional clothes. But why would they kill children? It seems they have a mission. They are told to go and get the Taliban. When they go out in their planes and their tanks and their helicopters, they need to be killing, and then they can report that they have completed their missions.” These are the stories being told in Afghanistan. NATO and its constituent nations may have other accounts to give of themselves, but they aren't telling them very convincingly, or well. The stories told by bomb blasts or by shouting home-invading soldiers drown out other competing sentiments and seem to represent all that the US/NATO occupiers ever came to say. We who live in countries that support NATO, that tolerate this occupation, bear the responsibility to hear the tales told by Afghans who are trapped by this war of choice. These tales are part of our history now, and this history isn't popular in Afghanistan. It doesn't play well when the US and NATO forces state that they came to Afghanistan because of terrorism, because of the toll in lost civilian lives already exceeded in Afghanistan during just the first three months of a decade-long war, or that they came in pious concern over precious stories that should not be cut short.
The writer co-coordinates Voices for Creative Non-Violence (www.vcnv.org) and is in Kabul as a guest of the Afghan Peace Volunteers.
